In this episode, we delve deeply into Parkinson’s Disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily impacting dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra.

It’s difficult to walk through an old-growth natural forest anywhere in the world and not feel awe and a connection to the majesty of our beautifully stunning Earth, however, when these amazing ecosystems burn as forest fires the consequence has devastating outcomes for affected communities.

Globus, a persistent or intermittent sensation of a lump or foreign body in the throat, is a well-defined clinical symptom. Though it is non-painful, it can be long-lasting, difficult to treat, and prone to recurrence. Interestingly, this sensation often improves with eating and typically does not accompany dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) or odynophagia (painful swallowing).

Approximately 1 in 10 adults will experience pain or discomfort in the mid-facial region, with a higher prevalence among females and young adults. Understandably, many patients attribute this pain to sinus issues, given the proximity of the sinuses to the face. However, nasal endoscopy and CT scans have shown that chronic sinus infections are not as common a cause of facial pain as one might think.

Rhinitis, Sinusitis, and Rhinosinusitis are common conditions frequently seen in primary care. Studies indicate that 1.4 out of every 100 general practice encounters involve acute or chronic sinusitis, and over 2 million Australians are estimated to suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis. In some studies, this condition has shown a greater impact on social functioning than chronic heart failure, angina, or back pain.

In an earlier episode titled ‘Breathing’ we had the privilege to explore heathy breathing patterns and the Bohr effect which governs oxygen delivery to tissues with physiotherapist and breathing expert Allan Abbott, if you haven’t had an opportunity to listen to that podcast, I recommend it as an introduction to the subject we are covering today.

In an earlier episode titled ‘Breathing’ we had the privilege to explore heathy breathing patterns and the Bohr effect which governs oxygen delivery to tissues with physiotherapist and breathing expert Allan Abbott, if you haven’t had an opportunity to listen to that podcast, I recommend it as an introduction to the subject we are covering today.

Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which abnormal proteins known as amyloid fibrils build up in various tissues including the kidney, heart, liver, skin, and nervous system resulting in a variety of clinical sequelae including organ dysfunction and death. There are over 23 unrelated proteins known to form amyloid fibrils, many of which are aggregates of misfolded proteins that are neither biodegradable nor can be recycled by our bodies. 

The use of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to treat severe C. Difficile enterocolitis was visited in episode 14 of Everyday Medicine with Dr Darcy Holt as our guest. If you haven’t had an opportunity to listen to that conversation, please do and hopefully it will pique your interest. In this episode we invite a guest involved in active research at Melbourne’s St Vincent’s Hospital to discuss FMT in IBD broadly then more specifically as it applies to her current research project evaluating its efficacy in Crohn’s disease.

Primitive single-celled organisms had patches of photoreceptor proteins to detect light. The first eyes, developed over 550 million years ago, are now the second most complex organ after the brain, with over two million working parts and more than a million nerve fibres connecting each eye to the brain via the optic nerves.

It is estimated that 20 % of the Australian population has an allergic disease with Melbourne often cited at the epicenter where at least one in three people experience hay fever and thunderstorm asthma is a frequent news headline. Allergies may present in many different ways manifest in the skin, the sinuses and airways, the gastrointestinal tract or within virtually any organ.

Barrett’s oesophagus is a common condition, named after the Australian born thoracic surgeon Norman Barrett who practised in England and laid the foundation descriptions of this condition but incorrectly concluded the abnormal columnar tissue lining was embryonic in origin due to the presence of a congenitally shortened oesophagus leading to a tubular portion of stomach being trapped in the chest.  We now recognise that between 5-10 % of patients with chronic reflux disease develop columnar metaplasia as a response to repeated oesophageal acid exposure.

Clinical problems related to the integument are very common and contribute up to 15% of all general practitioner presentations. Humans are predisposed to a multitude of skin diseases ranging from acne and atopic dermatitis to psoriasis, autoimmune diseases such as SLE, vasculitis, skin cancers, viral exanthems, drug eruptions and external manifestations of internal disease - which in the gastroenterology world have erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum as interesting examples of these.

Clinical problems related to the integument are very common and contribute up to 15% of all general practitioner presentations. Humans are predisposed to a multitude of skin diseases ranging from acne and atopic dermatitis to psoriasis, autoimmune diseases such as SLE, vasculitis, skin cancers, viral exanthems, drug eruptions and external manifestations of internal disease - which in the gastroenterology world have erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum as interesting examples of these.

From the RACGP Health of the Nation report; depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances are amongst the most commonly seen presentations of mental disorders in general practice. About 1 in 8 people in the world live with a mental disorder which often involves significant disturbances in thinking, emotional regulation, or behaviour. 

From the RACGP Health of the Nation report; depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances are amongst the most commonly seen presentations of mental disorders in general practice. About 1 in 8 people in the world live with a mental disorder which often involves significant disturbances in thinking, emotional regulation, or behaviour. 

Over the past decade there has been an emergence of literature pointing to potential clinical benefits for a range of disease states through the adoption of slow breathing techniques. The popularity worldwide of the Wim Hof method adopted from eastern techniques has done much to pique interest.